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Consideration of practical replacements for gas such as coal, heavy fuel oil, middle distillates, LPG and vice versa.Fuels considered most practical replacements for gas include coal, heavy fuel oils, middle …
The following lesson learned outlines an installation of pipeline heat tracing for a new process unit within an existing chemical/petrochemical facility. The system design consisted of self-limiting cables for process …
Gas flow meter is a mechanical device for automatically measuring quantities of gas. Some of the more popular than others depending on application and requirements. The most important types are:Diaphragm …
April 2, 2020
Always follow the control valve manufacturer’s maintenance manuals. Typical maintenance topics are summarized here together with recommendation to extend the life of the control valves. Optimization of control valve assets depends on an effective maintenance philosophy and program. Three of …
March 15, 2020
Corrosion failures at compressor stations result from carelessness mostly on the part of the users or poor choices of material and/or configuration by the project.The following factors should be considered when studying options for the project:Coat everything underground, except ground …
March 2, 2020
There are many factors that affect steam generating system in the energy industry, and multiple pros and cons in selecting a right steam trap for your application, the following are advantages vs. disadvantages of each type of steam trap to …
Feb. 19, 2020
Corrosion coupons, probes, holders are corrosion-sensing devices that can detect the rate of corrosion in any process environment.Corrosion coupons are probably the oldest and simple and very effective method for corrosion and erosion studies that take place in a specific …
Feb. 18, 2020
The FPSO topside typically includes a nitrogen generation and distribution system. The system should be designed to provide sufficient nitrogen for blanketing and purging of the process system in connection with minor repair/maintenance work, blanketing of methanol tanks, continuous purging …
Feb. 17, 2020
What are the Adjust and recycle logical operations?Adjust and recycle logical operations are examples of iterative calculation routines. That is, these operations take an initial guess and run the calculation with that guess. The result is compared against a target …
Feb. 16, 2020
Credit factors for insulation in determining the minimum Pressure Relief valve sizes for fire exposure should be as per API RP 521 with following additional guidelines:Credit can be taken for the insulation systems on steel vessels and vessels constructed of …
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Refinery's unit that produces hydrogen for use as a feed stock (natural gas, refinery offgas, liquefied petroleum gas or naphtha) in other processing units in the facility. Gaseous hydrocarbons and …
Gasoline treating is a vital part of the modernized refinery operation. The gasoline treater includes treating facilities for Light Straight Run (LSR) Naphtha along with Potassium Cresylate treat solution regeneration. …
Each valve type has various design details that differ based on manufacturer. The following provides a brief description on types and uses of manual valves in the industry.Ball Valve is …
Electricity produced by Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process are generated by generators. Key components of the power generation of the renewable energy consist of a boiler, gas turbine generator, Heat Recovery Steam …
Light Fischer-Tropsch Liquid (LFTL) and Wax Hydrocarbon are processed in the Product Upgrading Unit. Product upgrading includes a Unionfining Process Unit and a Unicracking Process Unit.Unionfining is a hydrotreating process …
Case Study: A renewable energy plant converting 1000 TPD (dry) urban green waste can generate 600 BPD of Fischer-Tropsch fuels and 16.5 MW of export electricity to yield 466 bbl/day …
Fischer-Tropsch's high purity hydrogen required for the Unionfining Unit and Unicracking Unit is supplied by a Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) system. The hydrogen requirement is met by separating other gases …
The heating media used in the drying and conditioning of green waste is flue gas from the fluid bed combustor, supplemented by 400# steam. The dryer equipment includes an Selective …